Labarai

Sashe na 2. Fasaha: aluminum extrusion + gogayya zuga waldi a matsayin al'ada, Laser waldi da FDS ko zama gaba shugabanci.

1. Idan aka kwatanta da mutu simintin gyare-gyare da stamping, aluminum extrusion kafa profiles sa'an nan waldi ne na al'ada fasahar na baturi kwalaye a halin yanzu.

1) Zurfin zane na harsashi a ƙarƙashin fakitin baturi wanda aka yi masa tambarin farantin aluminium, ƙarancin girgizawa da ƙarfin tasirin fakitin baturi, da sauran matsalolin suna buƙatar kamfanonin kera motoci su sami ƙarfin haɗaɗɗen ƙirar jiki da chassis;

2) Tireren baturi na aluminium na simintin a cikin yanayin simintin mutuwa yana ɗaukar duka gyare-gyaren lokaci ɗaya.Rashin hasara shi ne cewa aluminium alloy yana da saurin lalacewa, fasa, keɓewar sanyi, damuwa, rashin ƙarfi da sauran lahani a cikin aikin simintin.Kayan hatimi na samfurin bayan simintin simintin gyare-gyare ba shi da kyau, kuma haɓakar simintin simintin gyare-gyare na aluminum yana da ƙasa, wanda ke da wuyar lalacewa bayan karo;

3) Extruded aluminum gami da baturi baturi ne na yau da kullum baturi tire zane makirci, ta hanyar splicing da kuma aiki na profiles saduwa daban-daban bukatun, yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga m zane, m aiki, sauki gyara da sauransu;Performance Extruded aluminum gami baturi baturi yana da high rigidity, vibration juriya, extrusion da tasiri yi.

2. Musamman, tsarin fitar da aluminum don samar da akwatin baturi shine kamar haka:

Ƙarshen jikin akwatin yana samuwa ne ta hanyar walƙiya mai juzu'i bayan an fitar da sandar aluminum, kuma jikin akwatin na ƙasa yana samuwa ta hanyar walda tare da faranti guda huɗu.A halin yanzu, al'ada aluminum profile yana amfani da talakawa 6063 ko 6016, da tensile ƙarfi ne m tsakanin 220 ~ 240MPa, idan amfani da mafi girma ƙarfi extruded aluminum, tensile ƙarfi iya isa fiye da 400MPa, idan aka kwatanta da talakawa aluminum profile akwatin iya rage nauyi ta hanyar. 20% ~ 30%.

3. Fasaha walda kuma ci gaba da haɓakawa, al'ada na yau da kullun shine juzu'in walƙiya

Saboda buƙatar ɓata bayanin martaba, fasahar walda tana da tasiri mai girma akan lallashi da daidaiton akwatin baturi.Fasaha walda akwatin baturi ya kasu kashi na al'ada waldi (TIG waldi, CMT), kuma a yanzu na al'ada gogayya waldi (FSW), ƙarin ci-gaba Laser waldi, aron kusa da kai fasaha (FDS) da kuma bonding fasahar.

walda ta TIG tana ƙarƙashin kariya ta iskar gas, ta yin amfani da baka da aka samar tsakanin tungsten electrode da walda don dumama karfen tushe da kuma cika waya, ta yadda za a samar da ingantattun walda.Koyaya, tare da juyin halittar akwatin, girman akwatin ya zama mafi girma, tsarin bayanan martaba ya zama sirara, kuma an inganta daidaiton girman bayan walda, walda TIG yana cikin asara.

CMT sabon tsarin walda ne na MIG / MAG, ta amfani da babban bugun bugun jini don sanya baka mai waldawa a hankali, ta hanyar tashin hankali na kayan abu, nauyi da famfo na inji, yana samar da ci gaba da walda, tare da ƙaramin shigarwar zafi, babu fantsama, kwanciyar hankali da kwanciyar hankali. sauri waldi gudun da sauran abũbuwan amfãni, za a iya amfani da iri-iri na kayan walda.Misali, tsarin akwatin da ke ƙarƙashin kunshin baturi da samfuran BYD da BAIC ke amfani da shi galibi yana ɗaukar fasahar walda ta CMT.

4. Al'ada fusion waldi yana da matsaloli kamar nakasawa, porosity da low waldi haɗin gwiwa coefficient lalacewa ta hanyar babban zafi shigar.Saboda haka, mafi inganci da kore gogayya motsa waldi fasaha tare da mafi girma waldi ingancin da aka yadu amfani.

FSW ya dogara ne akan zafin da aka haifar ta hanyar juzu'i tsakanin allura mai jujjuyawa da kafada shaft da ƙarfe tushe azaman tushen zafi, ta hanyar jujjuyawar allurar haɗuwa da ƙarfin axial na kafada shaft don cimma kwararar filastik. tushe karfe don samun haɗin gwiwar walda.FSW waldi haɗin gwiwa tare da babban ƙarfi da kuma mai kyau sealing yi da ake amfani da ko'ina a fagen baturi waldi.Misali, akwatin baturi na nau'ikan Geely da Xiaopeng da yawa suna ɗaukar tsarin walda mai gefe biyu.

Waldawar Laser yana amfani da katako na Laser tare da babban ƙarfin makamashi don haskaka saman kayan da za a yi wa walda don narke kayan da samar da haɗin gwiwa mai dogara.Laser walda kayan aiki ba a yadu amfani saboda high kudin na farko zuba jari, dogon dawowar lokaci, da wahalar aluminum gami Laser waldi.

5. Domin rage tasirin nakasar walda akan daidaiton girman akwatin, an bullo da fasahar sarrafa kai (FDS) da fasahar haɗin gwiwa, daga cikin sanannun kamfanoni akwai WEBER a Jamus da 3M a Amurka.

Fasaha haɗin haɗin FDS wani nau'in tsari ne na sanyi na dunƙule kai da kai da haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar ƙarfafa shinge na cibiyar kayan aiki don gudanar da jujjuyawar sauri mai sauri na motar da za a haɗa ta farantin zafi da nakasar filastik.Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da shi tare da mutummutumi kuma yana da babban matakin sarrafa kansa.

A fagen kera sabbin fakitin batirin makamashi, ana amfani da tsarin galibi akan akwatin tsarin firam, tare da tsarin haɗin gwiwa, don tabbatar da isasshen ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa yayin fahimtar aikin rufe akwatin.Misali, baturin samfurin Mota na NIO yana amfani da fasahar FDS kuma an ƙirƙira shi da ƙima.Ko da yake fasahar FDS tana da fa'ida a bayyane, tana kuma da rashin amfani: tsadar kayan aiki, tsadar ƙerawa da sukurori bayan walda, da sauransu, da yanayin aiki kuma yana iyakance aikace-aikacen sa.

Sashe na 3. Raba Kasuwa: filin kasuwar akwatin baturi yana da girma, tare da haɓakar fili cikin sauri

Motocin lantarki masu tsabta suna ci gaba da karuwa a cikin girma, kuma sararin kasuwa na akwatunan baturi don sababbin motocin makamashi yana haɓaka cikin sauri.Dangane da kididdigar tallace-tallace na cikin gida da na duniya na sabbin motocin makamashi, muna ƙididdige sararin kasuwar cikin gida na sabbin akwatunan batir abin hawa makamashi ta hanyar ɗaukar matsakaicin ƙimar kowane raka'a na sabbin akwatunan baturi mai ƙarfi:

Babban zato:

1) Adadin tallace-tallace na Sabbin motocin makamashi a China a cikin 2020 shine miliyan 1.25.Bisa tsarin raya masana'antu na matsakaici da dogon lokaci na masana'antar kera motoci da ma'aikatu da kwamitocin uku suka fitar, yana da kyau a yi tunanin cewa adadin sayar da sabbin motocin fasinja masu makamashi a kasar Sin a shekarar 2025 zai kai miliyan 6.34, da samar da sabbin kayayyaki a ketare. motocin makamashi za su kai miliyan 8.07.

2) Adadin tallace-tallacen cikin gida na motocin lantarki masu tsafta ya kai kashi 77% a cikin 2020, ana ɗauka cewa adadin tallace-tallace zai kai kashi 85% a cikin 2025.

3) Ana kiyaye madaidaicin akwatin baturi na alloy na aluminum da madaidaicin a 100%, kuma ƙimar keke ɗaya shine RMB3000.

Sakamakon ƙididdiga: an kiyasta cewa nan da 2025, sararin kasuwa na akwatunan batir na sabbin motocin fasinja masu ƙarfi a cikin Sin da ketare zai zama kusan RMB biliyan 16.2 da RMB biliyan 24.2, kuma haɓakar fili daga 2020 zuwa 2025 zai zama 41.2% kuma 51.7%